Earthquakes were felt, and glow and increased steaming were observed from McMurdo Sound (37 kilometers southwest of the volcano) (P. Larger-than-usual Strombolian explosions occurred in September to December 1984. It remained relatively constant until September 1984. A seismic swarm in roughly the same area was recorded in October 1962 (Ueki and others, 1984 Kaminuma and others, 1985).Ī lava lake discovered in 1972 grew slowly until 1976, when it was circular, about 60 meters in diameter. A reported exception was increased fumarolic activity in April-September 1908 and on 17 June 1908, near Abbot Peak, 10 kilometers north-northeast of the summit of Mount Erebus (cited in Berninghausen and Neumann van Padang, 1960). Most historical activity has been confined to the younger caldera. A roughly 5-kilometer-diameter caldera developed at the top of the modern cone, and it too has been largely filled (Berninghausen and Neumann van Padang, 1960 P. The modern cone of Mount Erebus, composed largely of anorthoclase phonolite (Kyle, 1977), has largely filled the older caldera, leaving only Fang Ridge (north of Mount Erebus) as a relic of the older cone. The basin is bounded to the west by the Transantarctic Mountains, with 40-kilometer-thick curst (Cooper and Davey, 1985 Fitzgerald and others, 1986).Īn older cone of Mount Erebus (Fang Volcano), composed largely of benmoreite, was partly destroyed by an unknown event, leaving a caldera of about 6-kilometers diameter. Mount Erebus is an intraplate volcano, situated at the southern end of the Terror Rift within the Victoria Land basin, a major sedimentary basin with over 12 kilometers of fill and underlain by 21-kilometer-thick crust.
#MOUNT EREBUS FACT PAGE FULL#
This site is full of interesting and up to date information, including an activity log and live video from the volcano:įrom: Newhall and Dzurisin, 1988, Historical Unrest at Large Calderas of the World: USGS Bulletin 1855 Weather conditions and forecast for the McMurdo Stadion: When you camp, remember that this is Antarctica - leave absolutely no waste behind. Region: Cape Evans on the west coast of Ross Island at the northern entrance to Erebus Bay
Upper Erebus Hut was abandoned in 1984 due to high danger of volcanic bombs. The USAP Lower and Upper Erebus Huts are located approximately 1 km to the Northeast (3400 m) and Southeast (3612.5 m) respectively.
Naturally, it's not a good idea to climb during a violent eruption. Since the mountain is permanently glaciated, the technical difficulties won't vary too much. Monthly mean temperatures at McMurdo Station range from -28° C (-18.4° F) in August to -3° C (26.6° F) in January. Summer is warmer and the Sun is above the horizon, so it is a preferable season.
Special permits are required in order to enter this area. There is a protected area around the plane wreckage near the summit of Mount Erebus. Each nation's rules are not the same in the detail, though they are similar in the general principles. The granting of a permit is dependent on the visitors agreeing to adhere to certain rules and guidelines. One of the ways in which this protects Antarctica is by only allowing visitors to Antarctica by member nations as long as they are given a permit to do so. The Environmental Protocol of the Antarctic Treaty became law in 1998 after legislation in each of the member countries.
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